Este artigo tem como objetivo explicar como adicionar um disco no Linux para adição de Disco no Disco de Grupo no ASM.
Informações:
– Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.7 32 Bits.
– Oracle Database 10g (10.2.0.5.4).
– Utilizando Udev para as rawdevices.

Com o usuário “root” vamos adicionar o disco récem adicionado no servidor de Banco de Dados.

Vamos verificar os rawdevices já configurados.

[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdg1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdh1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdi1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw8 %N"
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Vamos verificar os discos.

[root@serveroracle ~]# ls -l /dev/sd*
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   0 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sda
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   1 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   2 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda2
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   3 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda3
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   4 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sda4
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   5 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda5
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   6 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda6
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   7 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sda7
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   8 Mar 16 14:06 /dev/sda8
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  16 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdb
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  17 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdb1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  32 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdc
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  33 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdc1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  48 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdd
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  49 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdd1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  64 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sde
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  65 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sde1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  80 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdf
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  81 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdf1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  96 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdg
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  97 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdg1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 112 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdh
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 113 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdh1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 128 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdi
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 129 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdi1
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 144 Mar 16 14:05 /dev/sdj
[root@serveroracle ~]# 

Conforme acima foi adicionado o disco “/dev/sdj”. Vamos criar uma partição no mesmo e configurá-lo como um dispositivo raw.

[root@serveroracle ~]# fdisk /dev/sdj
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-522, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-522, default 522):
Using default value 522

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
[root@serveroracle ~]#  ls -l /dev/sdj*
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 144 Mar 16 14:11 /dev/sdj
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 145 Mar 16 14:11 /dev/sdj1
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Vamos verificar o arquivo “/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules” e adicionar o disco “/dev/sdj1” para o novo dispositivo para a raw “/dev/raw/raw9”.

[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdg1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdh1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdi1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw8 %N"
[root@serveroracle ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdg1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdh1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdi1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw8 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdj1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw9 %N"
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Explicação:
ACTION==”add” (Adiciona o Dispositivo no Script).
KERNEL==”/dev/sdb1? (Dispositivo a ser adicionado).
RUN+=”/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N (Aonde será executado).
ACTION==”add”, KERNEL==”/dev/sdb1?, RUN+=”/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N” (Chama udev que quando é detectado o drive é adicionado, executa o script especificado).

Vamos iniciar a raw adicionada no seu específico dispositivo.

[root@serveroracle ~]# /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw9 /dev/sdj1
/dev/raw/raw9:  bound to major 8, minor 145
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Vamos configurar o arquivo “/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices”, adicionar a nova raw para o mesmo e reiniciar o serviço rawdevices.

[root@serveroracle ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices
[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices
# raw device bindings
# format:  <rawdev> <major> <minor>
#          <rawdev> <blockdev>
# example: /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sda1
#          /dev/raw/raw2 8 5

/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1
/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdd1
/dev/raw/raw4 /dev/sde1
/dev/raw/raw5 /dev/sdf1
/dev/raw/raw6 /dev/sdg1
/dev/raw/raw7 /dev/sdh1
/dev/raw/raw8 /dev/sdi1
/dev/raw/raw9 /dev/sdj1
[root@serveroracle ~]# /sbin/service rawdevices restart
Assigning devices:
           /dev/raw/raw1  -->   /dev/sdb1
/dev/raw/raw1:  bound to major 8, minor 17
           /dev/raw/raw2  -->   /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw2:  bound to major 8, minor 33
           /dev/raw/raw3  -->   /dev/sdd1
/dev/raw/raw3:  bound to major 8, minor 49
           /dev/raw/raw4  -->   /dev/sde1
/dev/raw/raw4:  bound to major 8, minor 65
           /dev/raw/raw5  -->   /dev/sdf1
/dev/raw/raw5:  bound to major 8, minor 81
           /dev/raw/raw6  -->   /dev/sdg1
/dev/raw/raw6:  bound to major 8, minor 97
           /dev/raw/raw7  -->   /dev/sdh1
/dev/raw/raw7:  bound to major 8, minor 113
           /dev/raw/raw8  -->   /dev/sdi1
/dev/raw/raw8:  bound to major 8, minor 129
           /dev/raw/raw9  -->   /dev/sdj1
/dev/raw/raw9:  bound to major 8, minor 145
done
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Vamos garantir privilégio para o usuário “oracle” do grupo “dba” para todas rawdevices e mudar o arquivo “/etc/udev/rules.d/99-raw-perms.rules” adicionando mais a rawdevice em questão.

[root@serveroracle ~]# chown -R oracle.dba /dev/raw/raw[1-9]
[root@serveroracle ~]# chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw[1-9]
[root@serveroracle ~]# ls -ltr /dev/raw/raw*
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 3 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 1 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 4 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw4
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 5 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw5
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 2 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 9 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw9
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 8 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw8
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 6 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw6
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 162, 7 Mar 16 14:15 /dev/raw/raw7
[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-raw-perms.rules
KERNEL=="raw[1-8]", MODE="0660", GROUP="dba", OWNER="oracle"
[root@serveroracle ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-raw-perms.rules
[root@serveroracle ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-raw-perms.rules
KERNEL=="raw[1-9]", MODE="0660", GROUP="dba", OWNER="oracle"
[root@serveroracle ~]#

Com o Banco de Dados aberto, vamos verificar o Disco de Grupo que deve ser adicionado o disco, no caso, “DGDADOS”.

SQL> set lines 155
set pagesize 1000
SQL> SQL> col NAME for a11
SQL> col "DISK NAME" for a15
SQL> select a.NAME, a.TOTAL_MB, a.FREE_MB, b.NAME "DISK NAME", b.READS, b.WRITES, b.BYTES_READ/1024/1024/1024 BR_GB, b.BYTES_WRITTEN/1024/1024/1024 BW_GB
  2  from v$asm_diskgroup a join v$asm_disk b
  3  on(a.GROUP_NUMBER=b.GROUP_NUMBER)
  4  and a.NAME = 'DGDADOS';

NAME          TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB DISK NAME            READS     WRITES      BR_GB      BW_GB
----------- ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
DGDADOS           8188       1538 DGDADOS_0000          1748        101 .019668579 .001434326
DGDADOS           8188       1538 DGDADOS_0001          1251        101 .014060974 .001434326

SQL> disc
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
SQL> exit
[oracle@serveroracle ~]$

Na instância “ASM” vamos adicionar o disco no Disco de Grupo “DGDADOS”.

[oracle@serveroracle ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@serveroracle ~]$ sqlplus sys/***** as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Mar 16 14:23:33 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

SQL> alter diskgroup DGDADOS add DISK '/dev/raw/raw9';

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
[oracle@serveroracle ~]$

Na instância “DBPROD” vamos verificar o disco no Disco de Grupo “DGDADOS” récem adicionado e subir o Enterprise Manager (Veja as Imagens abaixo).

[oracle@serveroracle ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dbprod
[oracle@serveroracle ~]$ sqlplus sys/***** as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Mar 16 14:23:50 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

SQL> set lines 155
SQL> set pagesize 1000
col NAME for a11
SQL> col "DISK NAME" for a15
select a.NAME, a.TOTAL_MB, a.FREE_MB, b.NAME "DISK NAME", b.READS, b.WRITES, b.BYTES_READ/1024/1024/1024 BR_GB, b.BYTES_WRITTEN/1024/1024/1024 BW_GB
from v$asm_diskgroup a join v$asm_disk b
on(a.GROUP_NUMBER=b.GROUP_NUMBER)
and a.NAME = 'DGDADOS';SQL> SQL>   2    3    4

NAME          TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB DISK NAME            READS     WRITES      BR_GB      BW_GB
----------- ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
DGDADOS          12282       5580 DGDADOS_0000          1817        146 .020706177 .002120972
DGDADOS          12282       5580 DGDADOS_0001          1265        146 .014228821 .002120972
DGDADOS          12282       5580 DGDADOS_0002             0          0          0          0

SQL> /

NAME          TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB DISK NAME            READS     WRITES      BR_GB      BW_GB
----------- ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
DGDADOS          12282       5564 DGDADOS_0000          3286        687 .035858154 .010055542
DGDADOS          12282       5564 DGDADOS_0001          3520        646 .035194397 .009140015
DGDADOS          12282       5564 DGDADOS_0002          1123        416 .013534546 .005737305

SQL>

Pronto adicionamos o novo disco no Disco de Grupo “DGDADOS”.

Autor: Maycon Tomiasi

Formado em Tecnologia da Informação na FIPP (Faculdade de Informática de Presidente Prudente), Analista DBA Oracle pela Teiko Soluções em Tecnologia da Informação, residente em Blumenau/ SC, Certificado OCP 10g/11g/12c, OCS 11g Implementation, OCE 11g Performance Tuning, OCE 11g RAC & GRID e OPN Specialist. Conhecimentos em PHP.

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